jurassic park :: essays research papers

Iteration Seven & Epilogue Summary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Malcolm and Hammond engage in an argument. Hammond is relieved that the animals did not get free and overrun the world. Malcolm says that the world cannot be destroyed. It will always survive whatever disasters take place. The park seem finally to have been brought under control. There are now fewer animals, because some have been killed by other animals. Since the fences were down for so long, all the animals have mingled. Grant and Muldoon decide to search for the animal nests, especially the raptor nests. They have to account for every animal born on the island before they let the Costa Rican National Guard destroy the entire place. Grant explains the mystery of how the dinosaurs were able to breed. Under certain conditions frogs can change sex, and the dinosaurs all have frog DNA.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Malcolm is going into a coma, and Hammond blames everyones else for the failures of the park. Hammond is met by a juvenile tyrannosaur. He tries to run away, but falls down in a stream. It appears that he broke his ankle. Ellie and Gennaro join grant in the dinosaur nest and hide behind some boxes. They see two adult raptors and some babies. Grant concludes that there are thirty-four raptors have been born. Ellie notices theat when the raptors stand still they all face a certain direction. She thinks that it is some kind of ritual. Grant thinks that it is a form of communication.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hammond tries to climb the hill. He is tired, dizzy, and in pain. He sees some compys approaching. He tries throwing rocks at them to ward them off, which only works for a while. The compys soon attack him, poisoning him with their bites. Hammond feels relaxed and peaceful when he dies. Grant and the others watch the raptors on the edge of a swamp, near the beach that looks out onto the Pacific Ocean. They are all lined up together, starring south. A ship appears from the south and the animals watch it. Grant observes how they all behave as a group, and decides that they are organized around a matriarchal pecking order. He concludes that they are starring at the ocean because they want to migrate.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Grant, Ellie and Gennaro are picked up by a helicopter.

Bridge Analysis

The overall goal in completing this project of bridge analyses was to come up with a framework or model of a bridge that is structured in order to meet supreme standards of practicable performance and fortitude. In realizing this goal, in depth research was completed analyzing preceding bridge contests in order to determine which style of bridge withstood numerous tests and has exhibited the best results in terms of its achieving quality of standards.The results of the research study and bridge analysis revealed that the W-shape style of bridge is the most stable and highly favorable model or structure, considering concepts regarding the true truss formation. The design of the W-shape truss enables the walls of the test jig to endure the bridge’s load. Summary Several tests were conducted in order to finalize the design of the W-shape style, including the integration of matching members of the same dimensions, and subsequently the use of three trusses. However, both tests fail ed the standards set regarding member sizes and considerations of geometrical dimensions.In the end, the most favorable conditions were exhibited by the W-shape style designed with two trusses. The Performance Rating and the weight of Load at Failure were obtained from comprehensive analysis of bridges in preceding contests. The former was utilized in order to come up with rough calculations predicting what the Load at Failure will be, while the latter was concluded based on factual evidences that prove how the Performance Rating of the bridge is influenced by the dimensions and figures of the members.The Performance Rating is adjusted by keeping in mind that cross-sectional areas should be proportional to the load to be carried. Interpretations Several trials were conducted in order to test the influence of the main compression members and the member cross-sections to the stability of the bridge. The first trial instituted a bridge design with two main compression members and a cro ss-sectional area with dimensions equal to 8Ãâ€"20 mm. Three brace supports were integrated into the design.The results of the first trial have revealed how the number of brace supports influenced the internal forces acting on the main compression members. To determine how the stability of the bridge is to be maintained while decreasing the load or weight, the reduction of the number of cross-sectional area of the main compression members was conducted. The second trial integrated the addition of bracing members, which changed the displacement values and axial compression on the main compression members.After several trials, putting into consideration the dimensions and figures of the main compression members, the number of brace supports, and the dimensions of the cross-sectional areas in order to decrease the internal forces acting on the main compression members, the reduction of displacement values and axial compression acting on the main compression members, the decrease of th e load or weight, and the sustenance of stability and fortitude of the bridge, the final design constituted main compression members with cross-sections of dimensions that are equal to 8 x 20 mm up to 6 x 10 mm.Conclusion Information obtained from in depth analysis of the results, the final dimensions and structure of the W-bridge, the results of the calculations that will be found at the end of this text utilizing the S-Frame, the bridge is able to withstand increased weight of load in contrast to the results of the calculations obtained through the S-Frame framework.Discrepancies between the result of the trials and calculations, the ideal structure of the bridge, and the actual structure of the bridge, were caused by the inability to follow the supposed dimensions of the members and the location of the forces that are intended to act on the members. The actual design of the bridge, slightly differing from the ideal dimensions and specifications presented on the first table are il lustrated below. Estimated Weight of the Bridge 1 stick – approximately 1 g. 35g.– support 8g. – cross bracing 18g – angled bracings & centre brace 35g – side tension members 85 g – main compression members SUM: 181g (sticks) Weight of Glue Used: approximately 20g or more Weight of Sticks and Glue Combined: approximately 201g or more Estimated Performance Rating & Load Failure Weight of Bridge 201 g. or 0. 443 lbs. Load at Failure 1672 lbs. or 7. 5 KN Performance Rating 3800 lbs/lb Performance Rating = Load at Failure (lbs) = 1672 lbs. = 3774 lbs. Weight of Bridge (lbs) 0. 443 lbs.

Gold Mining in South Africa Essay

The critical issue facing the mining industry according to Zoli Diliza chief executive, chamber of mines is ensuring that the mineral policies of South Africa aligns with the highest standard of administrative justice, promote an internationally accepted level of security of tenure and invariably promote an enabling environment that will attract investors into south Africa, hence, improving her competitiveness. Gold’s rarity, beauty and durability have ensured its use as a medium of exchange as well as astore of value There has been a power crises issue in South Africa which has led to the shut down temporarily of major gold operations. This is a serious problem that in that there is limited capacity to bring the mine workers of the enclosed spaces in the mine due to ventilation breakdown. Continues power outages which have resulted in disrupted operations in the goldmines obviously have a significant impact on world gold supplies mine, this is one of the reasons South Africa is taking the backseat as the world’s largest producer of gold with china taking the front seat. Lawrence William) (2008) It was recorded in 2010 that gold production was down to 200 tons. Despite the substantial increase in the real price of gold in recent years, there has been a continuous decline in gold production , unless substantive new capital investment in new mines is attracted the decline in production is likely to continue. There is also a decline in engineering and manufacturing activities associated direct ly to the gold mining industry. Inorder words, the consequence of the decline in gold production in south africa has been the loss of major sectors of South Africa’s previous substantive heavy engineering and manufacturing capacity The gold industry in the early 1990s experienced a tight profit squeeze and voilatility in prices, that period was also seen by rampant inflation. The pressure that generated the profit squeeze was as a result of workers demand related to their salaries as awell as housing, health and safety. Another important cause was due to stagnant prices which reducesd reserves amd discouraged exploration of mines. And as expected, the profitabilitu constraint led to retrenchment of workers as a management mechanism for the mines. The gold industry in SA faced a tight profit squeeze in the early 1990s. The gold price was kept at a constant nominal rand value by the Reserve Bank from 1988 to 1992 despite rampant inflation. The 1987 great mineworkers strike was the highpoint of employment numbers. Profit margins were under severe pressure both from worker demands–related to wages as well as housing and health and safety–and from stagnant commodity prices which reduced reserves and discouraged new exploration. In addition to profitability constraints, retrenchments were a weapon of mine management to reduce the effectiveness of the National Union of Mineworkers as it recovered from the strike–which had seen the dismissal of many union leaders. There was common cause that the industry needed to restructure in order to extend its life. The article put forward proposals from a labour perspective.